His current main research projects include the study of spatial prepositions, direct object marking, word order and tense/aspect by a variety of Spanish learners in different learning contexts. His main research interests revolve around the interdisciplinary field of applied Spanish linguistics, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics and bilingualism. Pedro Guijarro-Fuentes has been an Associate Professor in the Department of Spanish Philology, Modern and Classic at the University of the Balearic Islands. His research has also appeared in refereed journals including Bilingualism, Language and Cognition Syntax the International Journal of Bilingualism and Studies in Second Language Acquisition. He is the author of the book The Minimalist Syntax of Defective Domains: Gerunds and Infinitives (John Benjamins) and co-editor of the book Minimalist Inquiries in Child and Adult Language Acquisition: Case Studies across Portuguese (Mouton De Gruyter). His research focuses on syntactic theory and comparative syntax within Minimalism, language acquisition, bilingualism and language change. Acrisio Pires is a Professor of Linguistics at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, where he is also affiliated with the Weinberg Institute for Cognitive Science and the Department of Romance Languages and Literatures. Her main lines of research are adult and child bilingualism/multilingualism, language contact and change, topics on which she has given presentations on many international conferences.ĭr. She also held a research fellowship (2015–2016) at Bergische Universität Wuppertal, where she participated in a research project directed by Natascha Müller and Laia Arnaus Gil, and a visiting researcher fellowship at the University of Michigan (April 2017), under the supervision of professor Acrisio Pires. She also has an MA in Language Science and Hispanic Linguistics from UNED, Madrid. Notes on contributorsĪmelia Jiménez-Gaspar has a BA in Hispanic Philology and an MA in Teacher Training from the University of the Balearic Islands, Majorca, where she is currently a PhD student under the supervision of Pedro Guijarro-Fuentes, and an assistant professor in the undergraduate programs in Early Childhood Education, Primary Education and Spanish Language and Literature. No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors. We interpret these results as showing an effect of bilingualism with Spanish that has contributed to the preservation of archaic forms in the grammar of bilingual speakers of Catalan in Majorca because these forms partially match the ones found in Spanish. The results indicate that bilingual speakers of Majorcan Catalan mostly acquire archaic forms for clitics (proclitics and enclitics) that also match the corresponding form of Majorcan Spanish clitics. We also analyze historical data from a diachronic corpus of Catalan to evaluate whether clitic properties of the Catalan produced by bilinguals constitute grammatical innovations in the language. The speaker data came from a spontaneous oral production task carried out separately in each one of the two languages. We present results from a study of thirty-nine simultaneous bilingual Catalan-Spanish speakers, residents of several geographic areas of Majorca, Spain, including the capital, Palma, and several villages. This study investigates the knowledge of bilingual speakers of Catalan and Spanish regarding the production of object pronominal clitics (excluding non-reflexive third-person clitics), with a focus on: (i) their morphology, considering the variants that coexist for each form, and (ii) their syntactic placement (proclitic or enclitic) with respect to the verb. We also thank Sally Thomason, Marlyse Baptista, Aurora Bel, Emily Sabo, and in particular Laia Arnaus Gil for their interest and comments on this project. Thanks also to Natascha Müller, who allowed us to have access to some of her data from Peninsular Spanish that confirmed some of our observations regarding the clitic system in that variety. We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for comments that were very useful to the revisions to this paper. We thank the audiences at those conferences for their interest in this project. Majorca, Spain, the 34th AESLA International Conference of the Spanish Society for Applied Linguistics, Alicante, Spain and the 8th WSS International Workshop on Spanish Sociolinguistics, Rio Pedras, Puerto Rico. University of Illinois at Chicago/UIC, the 8th CIHL Congreso Internacional de Lingüística in Leipzig, the 8th International Conference on Language Acquisition. *Aspects of the research in this paper were presented in 2016 at the Bilingualism Forum conference. Articles Bilingualism and language change: the case of pronominal clitics in Catalan and Spanish Footnote
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